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How Does ADHD Medication Work? When one neuron sends a message to another, it uses chemicals called neurotransmitters. These chemicals must cross a tiny gap known as a synapse. Some ADHD medications can make the transmission of these messages more efficient. They can either aid in the release of neurotransmitters more or slow the Reuptake (called Reuptake inhibitors). Doctors begin ADHD patients with a low dose and then monitor their response. They alter the dosage as they go along to discover an “sweet place” — the lowest level that provides an immediate improvement in symptoms and minimal side effects. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate the first medication that doctors attempt to use to help ADHD kids, is often Methylphenidate. It increases the amount of norepinephrine as well as dopamine in children's brains, which aids them in paying attention and concentrate. It also decreases their hyperactivity and impulsivity. Be aware that methylphenidate should only be used under a doctor’s supervision as it is a controlled drug. Ritalin is the most common methylphenidate drug. It's available in immediate-release tablets (Ritalin, Concerta, or Quillichew ER) chewable tablets that are long-acting (Cotempla XR-ODT or Adhansia XR) or long-acting capsules (Adhansia PM or Jornay PM). Some versions of this medication contain artificial sweeteners such as aspartame, which is dangerous for people with Phenylketonuria (an genetic condition that can cause severe intellectual disability). Make sure you inform your doctor about any food allergies you or your child may have. Researchers have discovered that methylphenidate can reduce abnormal activity in various parts of the brain, including the nucleus accumbens as well as a network of three brain networks that play a part in adaptive control. This is the reason why methylphenidate is among the most effective drugs to treat ADHD. The adverse effects of stimulants can include headaches, nausea, sleepiness anxiety, agitation, the tics and agitation. add adhd medication , but they could be serious. You should consult your physician immediately if you experience any of these symptoms. You should also inform your doctor if your child has allergies, a history of heart disease or bipolar disorder, depression or other mental health problems, glaucoma, a history of stroke or seizures, or if you are taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) like isocarboxazid (Marplan) or linezolid (Zyvox) and the methylene blue, or phenelzine (Nardil). It is important to take your methylphenidate exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Amphetamines Amphetamines speed up messages between brain cells. They can help you concentrate your thoughts and avoid distractions. They are among the most popular treatments for ADHD in adults and children. They increase the levels neurotransmitters, dopamine and norepinephrine, in your brain. Amphetamines are available in short-acting (immediate release) and intermediate- or long-acting forms. They can be consumed orally or via injection. Certain people are affected by the negative side effects of stimulant medication like restlessness, difficulties sleeping, or an increased heart rate and high blood pressure. Your doctor will be able to monitor the symptoms and adjust the dosage to determine the most appropriate one for you. Some patients may require multiple prescriptions to get the desired results. Drugs that stimulate the brain affect two key neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex. This is the part of the brain that regulates emotions and governs your behavior. They are prescribed to treat a wide variety of mental health issues, including ADD/ADHD and other conditions such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, narcolepsy and eating disorders. Amphetamines as well as methylphenidates are the most commonly used stimulant drugs. The FDA has approved dozens of brand-name stimulants to treat ADHD. They are available in various forms, ranging from short-acting to long-acting, and are administered either orally or via injection. Students, truck drivers and teens who require more energy to do endurance sports can abuse amphetamines. They can also cause physical and mental problems when misused, particularly in higher doses. ADHD can be treated using non-stimulant drugs. They include atomoxetine, clonidine, and guanfacine. They are in the same class as antidepressants and belong to the norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors and alpha-2 adrenergic agonists classes. They are made up of the same chemical that stimulants do, however they are less likely to trigger tics in people with Tourette syndrome. Short-acting stimulants These drugs are used to treat teenagers and children with ADHD. They can be consumed by mouth or applied to the skin. They come in pills that can be swallowed or chewed, capsules that can be opened and sprinkled on food items, and liquid patches. They are typically only available on prescription by a physician. The medications include methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Daytrana), and amphetamines (Adderall, Dexedrine, Vyvanse). Short-acting stimulants have a rapid effect and last between 3 and 6 hours. These medications ease symptoms in 70-80 percent of adults and children with ADHD. They decrease the amount of fidgeting and interruptions, and make it easier for you to complete your tasks. They can also enhance academic performance and improve relationships. They can't correct the root issues that are the cause of ADHD. It's important to combine them with behavioral therapy. It's also important to understand that ADHD medications can have adverse effects. You might feel tired or cranky. You may also feel sleepy. These effects are usually minor and will disappear once the medicine leaves your system. Your doctor may advise you to start with a smaller dose and increase it gradually. They'll monitor how the medication affects your child or you and check for any issues. It may take time to determine the best dosage and medication for your child or yourself. It is important to communicate openly with your health care provider. They might suggest changes in the amount of medication that you or your child is taking or if a medication is needed at any time. They'll also want to know if you or your child has any other mental or medical health issues. Intermediate stimulants Stimulants control ADHD symptoms by altering the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain. This boosts the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemicals important for the pre-frontal cortex area of the brain. (Think of it as “your secretary” in the executive function part of your brain). The majority of kids with ADHD respond well to stimulant medications. Your doctor will collaborate with you to figure out which kind of medication and dosage is appropriate for you. It is possible to test various kinds of medication before you can find the one that is suitable for you or your children. These stimulants can be taken in chewable tablets or liquid form. These drugs work quickly and last three to four hours. Some people have a problem when the medication wears off, which is called the “crash effect.” This typically results in a sharp drop in energy, and may cause extreme hunger. There are also stimulants that act long-lastingly like dexamfetamine or Lisdexamfetamine. They are more complicated and require a prescription. They are injected in the bloodstream, and they become active in red blood cell. It takes time to find the correct dosage, medication, and schedule for your child or yourself. adult adhd medication will monitor how you respond to medication and watch for problems like trouble sleeping. They will also talk to you about non-stimulant medications for children or parents who are not responding well to the stimulants. Never stop or change your ADHD medications without first consulting your physician. It is also essential to inform your doctor about any prescription medications and supplements you are taking, because certain medications can interfere with certain ADHD medication. Long-acting stimulants For 70-80% of adults and children with ADHD stimulant medications work in reducing hyperactivity, interrupting behavior, fidgeting and impulsivity. add adhd medication help increase focus and help people finish their tasks and maintain relationships. However, they aren't able to reduce moodiness or other troublesome symptoms. They can also cause adverse effects such as sleepiness, loss of appetite nausea, jitteriness changes in heart rhythm and high blood pressure. These medicines work in phases, helping to treat ADHD symptoms throughout the daytime. Most begin to take effect within 30 to 45 minutes, and disappear within 3 to 6 hours. They can be used alone or in conjunction with other types of ADHD treatment, such as behavioral therapy. Some of these long acting stimulants, such as atomoxetine-ER (Intuniv) and guanfacine (Strattera), can last for a long time and even the next day. Some doctors recommend using them to fill up an afternoon trough, so that patients don't need an additional dose at school or afterschool. Long-acting stimulants aren't able to increase dopamine levels to the same extent as short- or intermediate-acting drugs. However, they increase dopamine levels significantly. Therefore, they don't trigger the same kind of rebound effects that occur with shorter-acting stimulants. Because of the potential for negative side effects, long-acting stimulants are typically prescribed as a second line treatment for adults and older teens suffering from ADHD. However, they can be utilized as a first-line treatment option for certain people with ADHD who haven't had a response to other medications. Although medication can aid in improving concentration and self-control, it is not the only solution for those with ADHD. Combined with good sleep habits, healthy eating, and other strategies for self-help it's usually possible to decrease or eliminate the necessity for ADHD medication.